Specially, the PD-MCI group additionally exhibited increased ALFF in the opercular part of right inferior frontal gyrus (Frontal_Inf_Oper_R). Compared with the HC, both PD groups exhibited reduced ALFF in the occipital area (Calcarine_R/Cuneus_R). Correlations of clinical and neuropsychological assessments with the regional ALFF were performed in the PD-MCI group. Statistical significances in the post hoc analysis were corrected by a small volume correction with a cluster-level threshold of p < 0.05 ( n = 10000 permutations, FWE-corrected). Voxel-wise one-way analysis of covariance and post hoc analyses of ALFF were performed under non-parametric permutation tests in a general linear model among the three groups, with age, gender and data center as additional covariates. The pattern of spontaneous brain activity was measured by examining the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (ALFF) of blood oxygen level dependent signal. To address the issue, the present study employed resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data of 19 drug-naïve PD patients with normal cognition (PD-NC), 10 PD patients with MCI (PD-MCI) and 13 age- and gender-matched healthy controls (HC) from the Parkinson’s progression markers initiative (PPMI) (), and examined abnormal spontaneous brain activities in the PD-MCI. Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a common symptom at the baseline of early Parkinson’s disease (PD) diagnosis, but the neural mechanism is unclear. 6China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China.5Center for Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.4Department of Radiology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.3Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory for Translational Research on Diagnosis and Treatment of Dementia, Beijing, China.2National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders and Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Ministry of Health, Peking University, Beijing, China.1Peking University Institute of Mental Health (Sixth Hospital), Beijing, China.Zhijiang Wang 1,2,3, Xiuqin Jia 4, Huimin Chen 5,6, Tao Feng 5,6 and Huali Wang 1,2,3*
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